📖 What is an IVC filter?
An inferior vena cava (IVC) filter is a small metal device inserted into the main vein of the abdomen (inferior vena cava) to trap blood clots before they reach the lungs (pulmonary embolism). It is used when anticoagulation is contraindicated or has failed to prevent recurrent PE.
Most modern filters are retrievable — placed temporarily and removed once the risk of PE has passed (typically after 4–12 weeks). Insertion and retrieval are performed under local anaesthesia via the right internal jugular or femoral vein, as a day procedure.
🎯 Indications
- Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or PE with contraindication to anticoagulation (recent surgery, active bleeding, thrombocytopenia)
- Recurrent PE despite adequate anticoagulation therapy
- High-risk surgical patients with proximal DVT and planned major surgery
- Free-floating iliocaval thrombus with high embolic risk